Ejector apparatus.



R. SUCZEKA HECTOR APPARATUS. Alemecmlon FILED ma. a 19uA Patented Out. 2i), 12H3.

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UNITED sTATis PATENT oFFioE.

`noiaiiiici' suoziix, or PHILADELPHIA; rENxisYLvAN'IA'Q Aesenon'iro efH. WHEELER orQrmmsrLvAmA.

i 'To dll 'whom 'it mai Concern:

Be it known t iut I, Roeinrr Hoezen, :i

risiulojeet of. the Emperor of Austrindlungnry, 'residing' in the city of Philadelphie, county State oi Pennsylvania.

of Philadelphie, and have invented certain new und` useful I inproveniente in 4lil'eetoi- Apparatus, of which Y' the following is a specification. p f i its a gas, vapor, or si mixture of them,

'My invention relntesto e; method ot' und Aapparatus for compressing elastie lluid.sue5i "involves the ejector principle in accordance withwhieh ali-elastic motive fliiid,-siieh ns trein vapor or gas or finely divided solid or 201,1

' Stem, is allowed to expanilund entrain the fluid` to be compressed. 1

- When nnelastie fluid is passed through ii gnoitrle it expands end'attnins high velocity,y and the free jet beyond the nozzle willens.`

iquid materiel. p and themixture lof 'motive "fluid-and entreined material is then-usually passed i through e'diffuser in which the-niixture undergoes Compression und simultanea puel' yidinri-nishes in velocityI peri. in'

p .Energyds exed upon the mixture in so ooinl'iressing d theteniperuture of the inixturei'ises i or is ine-reused; dueto the compression. i

Inueoordiuice vwith my invention,

`-orqoool the' mixture While `undergoing the aforementioned compression oriinmedintely thereafter, orlioth, witliltlie result thatthe` idelisi'tyorWeight per unit volume increuses, 'with they result that` less energy, and there-V fore less inotivetluid, is required, to `coinpress or raise the pressum of ii` given amount di gas, vapor or 'any other material to be eptreined tothe na'l Vdesired pressure. In

T eonsequencegeven iny esngle stage ejector,

i stugesisresorted to, tliewresultant greater economy is eleeted by the aforementioned cooling:

'In' a plural steige eiretor the eoolingi is" #'niost desirable in connection with the first",

stage or the earlier sieges, but may be employed also in connection with' any liiter stage ornstages. `Where in eplurely stage system tooling in the first stage'or theearlier density of the mixture iis' it leaves the first stage or earlier singes passes through iigivoii -lntei stage `with less friet on sized plssiig'e or givensha )ed fassiige to e liess in such passage; and in the later stagethe'reresults the advantage that the total volume of the mixturi1 "of motive fluid from the first stage desired compression. chill i in pressure; es `for exunplm withdrawn fl MANUFACTURING ooivirANY, oF"PHILAi`JELHrA, PENNSYLVANIA, A oonPonArIoN nmcronermitmos.

Speoicitlon of'Lettrs Piment, i Patented 0G13.` `1918.

Appimanon inea January 6.1m. veniamo. 140,901.

or earlier stu es Iund entrained gus or viiipor to he operate upon by the lziter stage is the less because of its lower temperature` with the result that in such later stage si smaller amount of motive liuid will be necessary to raise the mixture to n still-higher` pressure. A-nd if in a later stage cooling is resorted to While the mixture is undergoing coinpression there results the ,advantage 'also thattlie amount of motive fluid required for that Stage is less thun `where pooling' is' not resorted `to. Y

`Accordingly1 my invention resides in u finethodiof Asind apparatus for cooling the mixture ofmotive fluid und entifiined uid 4under oingi.. coii1piessim1,` lor iiumod'nftely theres; ter, Ton both",` whereby siicli mixtiii'e -;upon delivery to si luter stugerequires in sueh'lfiter stugeless iuolive luidltorffeet the l 1 i y fForv an illiistrutiouof somo nl the forms -myninvention .may tuke,`axid for nn under-- standing of my `method,referencev muy he had `*to "bhe nchenipniiiy'ing"v (lruwi`iigs,` in which: l Q

Figure-lds ii vertical sectioiiiil vien. sinne parts in elevation, nikon through n doublstage ejeetor apparatus. i i

Fig?.v 2 gis avertienl seetioi'iul'\'ie\\', sonne partsv-in elevation; through a' double stage ejector-apparatus in' which in one stage :i 1 diil'erent type oflejeetors"used from that in the other. v

'-Reftrring-to ing; i. i isurteil-Stevig@ legector and I; the seeondfstalge ejector, euch ofthetfype `disclosed in co-pending'upplien tion Serial Number 179,859, filed July `11. 1917w The nir; ges orvapor-Qtof he raised kio ii i 5u ysteunteondensrrforli-om any otli'e'r suitnhle receptacle, is'miinitted 'through the fpus'liuge A1 Whidli nonimu'niente's- `with' the" spzi'ci' 'lie'- tWeen itlfiemnnulur erpzinsion nozvile `B' und th'e associated annular diuser H. Steam is delivered from u suitable source. :is u steuin boiler, through the pipe g, and is admitted through the valve h through the strainer i,

and valve m to the pipe a, which delivers through the strainer il into the passage A from which it passes through thc throat of the nozzle B and is expanded by the nozzle B.

Two annular chambers are irovided, each having a side or check ofthe i iff'user II as a part of its wall. ll'ith each chamber (l communicate two water or other cooling liquid connections nv and b. the connections a being employed to conduct the cooling liquid into the chamber (j, and the connections L to conduct it away therefrom. If, however, the apparatus is employed in a position which is inverted with respect to that shown in Fig. 1, the cooling liquid will be admitted into the chambersl C by the connections b and withdrawn therefrom through the connections a, it being njeferable to admitI the coolin liiuid at t e bottom of the chambers am` withdraw it from the top. p he mixture of motive and entrained fluids is delivered by the first sta e ejector I through its discharge casing F an through the passages to the second stage ejector Il, comprisin tff expansion nozzle B1 and the diffuser Ii, the latter delivering into the discharge casing F1, which delivers through the passa e A., to atmosphere or anyr other ressure. iSteam is admitted to the nozzle l through the strainer i and the passage The operation is as follows:

In the first stllgc the steam passing through the nozzle B is expanded and entraine the vapor or gas which enters through the passage A1, and the mixture of motive and entraincd fluids is then compressed iu the diffuser Il and while undergoing compression tend to rise or increase in temperature.

his is more or less completely prevented by extracting heat from the mixture through the cheeks or walls of the diffuser H into the cooling liquid in the chamber C, such cooling liquid continuously circulatingt herethrough, cold liquid continuous! f* entering, and warmed liquid continuously leaving. This cooling effect: requires less expenditure of energy to entrain the vapor or gap' entering at A1, and to raise it in pressure. to th'e pressure existing in the discharge casingr F and passages 7), with the result that the. amount of steam delivered 'to the nozzle through the pipe w is correspondinglv diminished.

Furthermore, due to the cooler condition of the mixture of motive and entraincd fluids, they pass with' less frictiona] losses through the discharge casingr F and the passages 71 into the second stage. ejector I..

n the second stage ejector. by action similar lo that previously described, the mixtures are raised in pressure to atmospheric pressure or any other desired pressure.

And because of the cooling of the mixture from the first stage, its density or weight per unit volume is greater. with the result that less steam is required in the nozzle Ill to raise the mixture to atmospheric pressure, or amv other desired pressure. It readily will be understood that cooling liquid chambers. like C, C of the first stage. may also be applied to the second stage around the diffuser L. In such case the cooling liquid more or less com letely prevents rise in temperature duc to t c compression in the diffuser H und therefore requires less energy to raise the entrained gas to atmospheric or other desired pressure, with resultant further decrease in steam consumption in the nozzle I lln Fig. 2 the ejector of the first stage I is of a well known type involving any suit able number of expansion nozzles N which receive their steam through the pipe n and strainer il. With these nozzles is associated the tubular diffuser Hz., more or less of the length of which is surrounded by the chamber C,. through which cooling liquid is circulated through the pipe connections c and d. The diffuser H2 delivers through the passages 7 to the second stage ejector L, which is shown as of a type similar to those employed in Fig. 1. and havin the diffuser lll. expansion nozzle B1, and iseharge casmg P1. steam being supplied to the nozzle ll, through the passage AL..

lere again the fluid to be compressed is admitted through the passage A, and is entrained b v the steam jets issuing from the nozzles N, and the mixture of motive and entrained fluids are compressed in the diffuser H2. The cooling liquid circulated through the chamber C` prevents more or less completely a` rise in temperature of the mixture duc to the compression,y and the same is accordingly delivered in cooled condition through the passages y to the second stage. ejector, where they are further raised in pressure as hereinbcfore described.

llerc again the effect is the same in that "less steam will be required for the nozzles Iv; and the fact that the mixture delivered from the diffuser l'l. is cooler, and is theref'orc of higher density. insures less friction loss through the passages ya; and it further requires, due to its higher density. less steam supply to the nozzle B..

Obviously the second stages of the ejeetors in Figs. 1 and i. may be'provided with means for extracting heat from the diffuser walls.

n the second stages of both figures are shown casings (1.. (1.. each having a side wall or cheek of the diffuser Il1 as a part. of its wall. With each chamber C: communicate two cooling liquid conducting condense the vapor, if' any,

pipes c, and 11 the pipes c, conducting the cooling liquid into the chambers and the pipes b, conducting the same away from the chambers.

The extent of the cooling herein referred to may vary within wide ranges, and may be so great in some instances as to actually in the mixture of motive fluid and entrained fluid while undergoing compression; or such cooling may be of an intermediate degree wherein some of the vapor is condensed and remains suspended in the remainder of the uncondensed vapor or elastic fluid in the form of moisture. f

It will be understood that my invention is not limited, except where specificallyr expressed in the claims, to the types and structures of ejectors herein disclosed, nor is it limited to the number of stages involved, but may be applied to ejectors of any typo and any number of stages.

What I claim is:

1. The method of raising the pressure of elasticfluid, which consists in expanding an elastic motive fluid, entraining therein the elastic fluid Whose pressure is to be increased, compressing the mixture of motive and entramed fluids by conversion of velocit)r into pressure, cooling said mixture while compressed, in a second stage. expanding motive fluid, entraining therein said cooled compressed mixture, and compressing the resultant mixture by conversion of velocity into pressure,

2. -The method of raising the pressure of' elastic fluid, which consists in expanding an elastic motive fluid, entraining therein the elastic fluid whose pressure is to be increased, compressing the mixture of motive and cntrained fluids in a thin sheet, and extracting heat from said mixture while undergoing com ression. I

The met od of raising the pressure of elastic fluid, which consists in4 expanding an elastic motive fluid, entraining therein the elastic fluid Whose pressure is to be increased, compressing the mixture of motive and entrained fluids by conversion of velocity into pressure, coolin the mixture of motive and entrained fluids while undergoing compression, and in a second stage cxpa nding motive fluid, entraining therein the cooled entrained fluid from the first stage, and compressing to higher pressure the mixturc of said motiffe fluid and cooled enlraincd fluid from the first .sion of velocity into pressure.

4. The method of raising thc pressure of elastic fluid, which consists in expanding .an elastic motive fluid, entraining therein the elastic fluid Whose pressure is to be increased, compressing the mixture of motive pending elastic motive `pending elastic motive fluid,

stagd'by converi and entrained fluids h v conversion of velocity into pressure, cooling the mixture of motive and cutrained fluids while undcrgoing compression, and in a second' stage expanding motive fluid. cnlraiuing therein the cooled entrained fluid from the first stage, compressing to higher pressure the mixture of said motive fluid and cooled entrained fluid from the first stage by con`- version of velocity into pressu1'e,\aml while undergoing compression cooling said last named mixture.

5. In ejector apparatus, the combination with a nozzle for expanding motive fluid in a thin sheet or disk, of means for conducting elastic fluid to be compressed to contact with said motive fluid, an alined di'user having a narrow fluid passes in a thin sheet, and means for extracting heat from the walls of said diffuser.

6. In ejector apparatus, the combination with a nozzle for expanding motive fluid in a thin sheet or disk, of means for Conducting elastic fluid to be compressed to contact with said motive fluid, an alined diffuser having a narrow passage through which the fluid passes in athin sheet, and means for jacketing said diffuser with cooling fluid.

7. In multi-stage ejector apparatus, the combination with nozzle structure for exfluid, means for conducting elastic fluid to be compressed to contact with tle motive fluid issuing from said nozzle structure, a diffuser, means for extracting heat from the mixture of said fluids, a second stage nozzle structure for expanding elastic motive fluid, means for conducting cooled compressed fluid from the first stage to contact with the motive fluid issuing from said second stage nozzle structure, and a diffuser in which the second stage mixture loses velocity and gains in pressure.

8. In multi-stage ejector apparatus, thc combination with nozzle structure for cxrneuns for conducting elastic fluid to he compressed to contact with the motive fluid issuing vfrom said nozzle structure, a diffuser'. means forV extracting hea-t from the mixture of said fluids, a second stage nozzle structure for expanding elastic motive fluid, means for conducting cooled compressed fluid from the first stage to Contact with the motive fluid issuing from said second stage nozzle structure` a diffuser in which the second stage mixture loses velocity and gains in pressure, and means for extracting heat from the mixture while in the second stage diffuser.

9. In multi-stage ejector apparatus, the combination with nozzle structure for cxpassage through which the j Huid from the first stage to Contact with the motivo Huid issuing from said second stage nozzle structure, and diffuser structure in which the second stage mixture loses velocity and gains in fessure.

In testimony w iereof I have hereunto :xfxed my signature this 4" day of January,

ROBERT SUCZEK. 

